After the publication of 鈥How Not to Write鈥, my number of Twitter followers soared to 195.
The internet called me a racist and sexist 鈥渕ansplainer鈥 vying for a seat in Donald Trump鈥檚 cabinet.
With the election fast approaching, the moment seemed right for part two 鈥 to secure my seat in a Trump White House. With that in mind, here are nine more tips for academics in the humanities on how (not) to write.
Use French in your English.听For beginners, start with just a few words: the longue dur茅e; ancien r茅gime; genre;听补谤肠丑茅;听belles-lettres; cause c茅l猫bre; 茅惫辞濒耻茅; les damn茅s; milieu; raison d'锚tre; 舱耻惫谤别; en masse and episteme; connoisseur; and fin de si猫cle.
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Eventually, start leaving entire phrases in their original French: distinguish between actual archives and 鈥渕emory or the desire for origins, la recherche du temps perdu鈥欌. Diagnose this as, 鈥l'effet du r茅el.鈥 Don鈥檛 look with a feverish search for origins, but with le mal radical, with evil itself.听
When you鈥檙e an academic superstar, you鈥檒l be able to leave entire paragraphs in French untranslated. Adopt this practice sooner rather than later. French, being so radically isolated from English for many millennia, translates poorly into English.
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More importantly, assume your readers are fluent in French. This will absolve yourself from accusations of Eurocentrism.听
Occasionally, German words will suffice wherever French ones cannot be found: Lebenswelt, Lebensraum, Zeitgeist and Literaturwissenschaft, for example. The addition of German in your English prose is important. It demonstrates your proficiency in changing the source language from French to German on Google Translate.听
Be sure to use 鈥榲ery鈥. Insert the word 鈥渧ery鈥 for dramatic effect to make something unremarkable sound profound, as in, 鈥渉er performance destabilized the very distinctions between the natural and artificial through which discourse about genders operated鈥; and: 鈥渢he globalization paradigm reinstated the very suppositions that cultural theories had criticized鈥. And (my personal favourite): 鈥渢o speak about post-colonial pedagogy from the vantage point of the Western academy is to engage with the very questions we bring to the classroom鈥.
The very use of the word very invariably varies according to very variable variables.
Do use 鈥榙o鈥.听Do stuff that you do not normally 鈥渄o鈥. 鈥淒oing gender,鈥 for example, 鈥渋nvolves a complex of socially guided perceptual, interactional, and micropolitical activities鈥. As one speaker explained, 鈥淚 do the philosophy of art aesthetics for a living鈥. You can also do work, as in, 鈥淚 proffer ways in which regions 鈥榙o work鈥 analytically, discursively and materially鈥.听
But be sure to put shudder quotes around the phrase 鈥渄o work鈥, lest someone think regions are actually doing work. You do not want your readers to think doing work means 鈥渢rying to pick up a member of their preferred sex鈥, as the Urban Dictionary .
Employ things.听There is not much employment in academia these days, which is why you should be employing things as much as possible. Please make sure to employ things, not people. As in: 鈥淎rab Palestinian nationalists employed the map of Palestine as a prominent symbol as early as the 1930s.鈥 听
When in doubt, try to avoid telling us who was doing the employing, as in 鈥渟ymbolic objects were employed not to shape national identity, but rather produce the very framework of nationhood鈥 (note: see discussion of very above). Or, in other words, to employ academic examples, the employment of the word employment has ballooned even while actual employment in academia has not been employed to understand to the increasing employments.听
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Lists, plastic wrenches and听jack-o鈥-lanterns.听There are a lot of great ways to come up with titles. Obfuscating quotes with grammatical errors and antiquated speech are great choices, as previously noted last episode. Another is to list three seemingly unrelated things. Examples:听
a. Sylvia Wynter, Sociogenesis and Philosophy in the Americas
b. Luminous Grain, Flickering Lines and Piles of Paper
c. Criminologists, duct tape and Indigenous peoples
I鈥檓 going to assume the last paper is about the history of indigenous peoples tying up criminologists with duct tape and laughing evilly.听
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Prefixes.听Use prefixes to invent new words as often as possible.
Spacio-temporal relationships; geo-political strategies; trans-agential mediators; socio-spatial imaginaries; the techno-industrial North; ethno-methodological approaches; geo-piracy debates; eco-liberalisation policies; and an ethno-class of people.
Occasionally, the prefix can be a word, not a prefix, as in verbal-ideological worlds or an order-organising principle. Try to include as many as possible in one sentence, as in: 鈥渕aintain a distinction between Indigenous knowledge-extra-commercium and scientific knowledgeas-product鈥.听
Slashes and dashes.听Sometimes, you鈥檒l get stuck on word choice. When in doubt, write all possibilities that you could have chosen, separated by slashes: the malleable bodies/systems; the time/space of governmentality; regimes of power/knowledge; hegemony of the church/clergy; the question of who/what we are; an act of expression/narration; the affect/emotion literature; the racism/ethnicism complex; moral/political laws; in Aristotelian Unmoved/Mover terms; and degodding/de-supernaturalizing our modes of being human.
My personal favourite? The Coloniality of the Being/Power/Truth/Freedom. 听听
As a superstar, you鈥檒l eventually be able to include phrases on both sides, of the 鈥/鈥. The point is to include as many words as possible into a single concept, as in: the theocentric, 鈥渟inful by nature鈥 conception/ 鈥渄escriptive statement鈥 of the human. 听
Don鈥檛 forget those shudder quotes! You don鈥檛 want your readers to accidentally misinterpret a 鈥渄escriptive statement鈥 as a descriptive statement.听
Mask incoherence with elegance.听In my previous article, I described how you can use the word 鈥渁s鈥澨齮o mask incoherence. You can also use the word 鈥渙f鈥. 听
鈥淥f鈥 allows you to make two unrelated words seem related, as in: the coloniality of folkloristics; geographies of the displaced; character of calculability; pedagogies of entanglement; economies of science; sociology of absences; and political economy of knowledge.
These phrases are great because they imply a metaphorical or metaphysical relationships between the two nouns. Good writers know that using concrete examples is a gateway to clear writing. And clear writing can lead to occasional trans-socio-techno-absences of abstractness and inefficient ratios of wordage/knowledge/impact.听
Slash and dash.听Remember, you can slash up a word into its constituent symbols with a 鈥/鈥 or 鈥(鈥. 听As in: it is related to issues of dis/ability. Or: everybody will also be(come more) monstrous in relation to this ideal. 听
The words have been inserted into the text, then read with our own world in/sight.
Zachary J. Foster is a PhD candidate in Near Eastern studies at听Princeton University听and a product manager at Academia.edu.
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